Books About Famous Greek Philosophers Worth Reading (Translated into English)

The works of ancient Greek philosophers have shaped the foundations of Western philosophy, science, and ethics. Reading about their lives and ideas not only offers a glimpse into their genius but also provides timeless insights into human nature and society. Here’s a list of must-read books, both original works and modern commentaries, about the most famous Greek philosophers, translated into English.

• Key Work: The Republic
  Plato’s The Republic remains a cornerstone of political philosophy and ethics. This dialogue examines justice, governance, and the nature of the ideal state. Translations by Benjamin Jowett or newer ones like those by Allan Bloom are particularly respected.

• Additional Recommendations:
  • Plato: Complete Works, edited by John M. Cooper, compiles all of Plato’s dialogues, including The Symposium and Phaedrus, which explore love, rhetoric, and the soul.

• Key Work: Nicomachean Ethics
  Aristotle’s exploration of the “good life” through virtue ethics is a profound guide to personal and moral development. Terence Irwin's translation is particularly well-regarded.

• Additional Recommendations:
  • Metaphysics: This work delves into the nature of being and reality, offering insight into Aristotle's philosophical system.
  • Politics: Essential reading for understanding governance, citizenship, and Aristotle’s vision of the ideal state.

• Key Work: Apology by Plato
  This dialogue portrays Socrates’ defense during his trial, embodying his commitment to truth and philosophy. It’s a gripping introduction to his ideas and personality.

• Other Sources:
  • Xenophon’s Memorabilia and Apology: These offer an alternative perspective on Socrates' teachings and trial.

• Key Work: The Art of Happiness (translated by George K. Strodach)
  A collection of Epicurus’ letters and teachings, focusing on his philosophy of simple pleasures, friendship, and avoiding unnecessary desires.

• Commentary:
  • Epicurus and His Philosophy by Norman W. DeWitt provides a detailed exploration of his thought and legacy.

• Key Work: Fragments (translated by Brooks Haxton)
  Heraclitus’ enigmatic aphorisms on change and the unity of opposites are a window into his revolutionary thinking.

• Companion Read:
  • Heraclitus: The Cosmic Fragments by G. S. Kirk offers detailed explanations and interpretations.

• Key Work: Diogenes: The Cynic Philosopher
  While Diogenes wrote little, anecdotes of his life are preserved in The Lives and Opinions of Eminent Philosophers by Diogenes Laërtius (translated by C.D. Yonge).

• Modern Biography:
  • The Philosophy of Diogenes by Luis E. Navia offers a comprehensive analysis of his unconventional philosophy.